In order to explore the vulnerability of the world food trade network, based on the world food trade data from 1990 to 2020, combined with complex network theory and vulnerability theory, this paper explores the change of local structural vulnerability of the world food trade network from the perspective of motif, simulates the failure process of the world food trade network under random attack and deliberate attack mode, and classifies the nodes in the network. The results show that: In the local structure of the world food trade network, the V-shaped structure accounts for a relatively high proportion, and the stability of the network is weak, but this phenomenon has a slowing trend; Compared with the real network and the random network, the structure of the real network is more stable and the trade relationship is more complex; The world food trade network has good robustness in the face of random attacks, and shows strong vulnerability in the face of deliberate attacks. The destructive power of deliberate attacks on the network is much greater than that of random attacks; In the deliberate attack mode, the nodes of the world food trade network can be divided into three levels according to the failure process, and the first level of nodes has the greatest impact on the stability of the network.