《粮油食品科技》杂志社

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Most Cited

Special Topic

Development History and Advancement Direction of Material Reserves

ZHAO Zi-ming, WANG Jin*, ZHOU Yuan-yuan, WANG Xin-ling, LAI Wei-ling

2025,33(2):1-5, DOI:

Abstract (1) HTML (0) PDF (363.19 K) (3)

Abstract

Material reserves are an important material foundation for national governance and a strategic force in ensuring national security. This paper reviews the development process of national material reserves since the founding of new China, highlighting the achievements in reserve systems, management mechanisms, variety and scale structure, warehouse facilities, and macroeconomic regulation. Based on this foundation, it analyzes the opportunities and challenges in the development of material reserves, and proposes the recommendations for strengthening research scientific and technological innovation. These recommendations focused on fundamental theories of material reserves, key basic technologies, applications of key technologies, applications of cutting-edge technologies and the development of intelligent reserves, which aim to provide a reference for the national implementation of the strategy of advancing material reserves through science and technology, the improvement of the material reserves system, and the establishment of a robust national reserve capacity.

Research on the Mechanism of Material Reserves Participating in Market Regulation

WANG Xin-ling, XU Gao-peng*, ZHAO Zi-ming, ZHANG Tao, LAI Wei-ling, WANG Jin, ZHOU Yuan-yuan

2025,33(2):6-13, DOI:

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Abstract

The “regulate reserve”, is a flexible inventory of the national reserves that ensures supply and stabilizes price through “throughput regulation”, and serves as a systematic institutional arrangement to innovate the operation mechanism of the national reserve，which includes both physical reserve materials and abstract operational mechanism. This paper, combining the theoretical foundation of macroeconomics, is based on historical data changes, real case effectiveness, and regulating reserve practice. It provides a preliminary clarification of the key roles that food, energy, minerals, raw materials and other important primary products in stabilizing the macroeconomy, and responding to external shocks. Based on the comprehensive reserve strength of the national reserve, reserve management system and market regulation precedents, this paper analyzes and demonstrates the necessity and feasibility of establishing a regulation reserve at this stage. Based on three dimensions, namely, setting a reasonably expected regulation target, clarifying the responsibility for regulating reserves, and classifying the regulation behavior, The paper proposes the general considerations for the national reserves’ s participation in market regulation. On this basis, the paper offers specific suggestions on the key aspects of regulate reserves construction, addressing core problems such as selecting the varieties of regulation reserves, determining the regulation time window, establishing sound operation systems, and exploring the establishment of operation platforms. Through the construction of the mechanism of “one reserve two states, and a combination of dynamic and static”, the reserve ensures the preservation of static and conventional reserves necessary for national security, and reasonably releases the inherent potential of the dynamic regulation reserves in market regulation.

Analysis of Rare Earth Situation in China National Suggestions for Reserves

ZHOU Yuan-yuan, WANG Jin*, YANG Guo-lei, LAI Wei-ling, ZHANG Yi-nuo, WANG Xin-ling, ZHAO Zi-ming

2025,33(2):14-20, DOI:

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Abstract

China is the world's largest holder and producer of rare earth resource, with 38% of the resource share bearing, bearing more than 90% of the global market supply, however, rare earth resources are overconsumed. Currently, the import of medium and heavy rare earth resources is highly dependent on Myanmar, which poses risks in the supply of resources. By tracking and collecting basic data on global and China’s rare earth resource reserves, mineral production, smelting and separation product production, consumption structure and consumption volumes, this paper carries out the analysis of rare earth resource supply and consumption trends, focusing on the analysis of rare earth application fields and industry changes. It also analyzes and judges the problems of China's rare earth resource industry chain, based on national security and sustainable economic development needs, suggests strengthening the long-term planning of China's rare earth resources in terms of expanding the rare earth resource base, carrying out risk investigation, taking the opportunity to reduce the stock of some light rare earth products that have been replaced, and improving the research and development of recycling technologies.

Research on Enhancing Storage Capacity of Warehouses for Material Reserve

WANG Jin, ZHOU Yuan-yuan*, WANG Xin-ling, LAI Wei-ling

2025,33(2):21-27, DOI:

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Abstract

With the reform and continuous improvement of the national reserve system, the storage capacity of reserve warehouses, which serve as important carriers for safeguarding national and emergency materials, has become especially important in the new era. The study first analyzed the current storage status of reserve warehouses, pointing out problems such as low land utilization rate, limited warehouse capacity utilization, high inventory occupancy rate, diverse demand for inventory materials, and uneven level of information technology application. In response to the above issues, with the goal of improving the warehouse capacity of the reserve warehouse, three directions of improvement are proposed: expanding the storage capacity of the reserve warehouse, improving the utilization rate of the storage capacity of the reserve warehouse, and introducing advanced warehousing management technology. Among these, introduces innovative theories for calculating storage capacity of reserve materials and for warehouse area zoning management, providing theoretical support and practical guidance for enhancing the storage capacity of reserve warehouses. At the same time, research on strengthening reserve and warehousing capabilities has been proposed, be focusing on establishing reserve and warehousing logistics networks, building professional reserve bases, and other directions.

Research on the Composition and Application of Master Data from Comprehensive Material Reserves

LAI Wei-ling, ZHAO Zi-ming*, ZHOU Yuan-yuan, WANG Xin-ling, WANG Jin

2025,33(2):28-33, DOI:

Abstract (0) HTML (0) PDF (518.00 K) (1)

Abstract

Purchasing and storage is one of the core businesses of reserves. The material receiving and handling processes generate or use a large amount of data, which serves as an important source of reserves data assets and is also frequently used in other businesses. To supplement and improve the relevant research on master data within the field of comprehensive material reserves data, it is hypothesized that the data generated or used when comprehensive materials are warehoused is approximately equivalent to the master data of comprehensive material reserves. Considering from multiple perspectives, such as business categories and participating institutions, it is found that the formation of warehouse receipts for delivery materials on the Shanghai Futures Exchange bears similarities to the warehousing process for comprehensive materials. Moreover, its standard warehouse receipt system has become highly mature after years of "fine-tuning" with the market and can provide good reference value for the composition of the master data of comprehensive material reserves. Through the sorting and analysis of the operational data from the standard warehouse receipt system of the Shanghai Futures Exchange, the necessity of data on material information, location information, personnel information, supplier information, and logistics information has been obtained. On this basis, the conception of the master data of comprehensive material reserves and the outlook for future data applications are proposed.

Grain Processing

Research Progress on the Impact of Superfine Grinding on Physicochemical Properties and Application of Coarse Cereals

WANG Kai, LU Jing, LlU Jing-ke, ZHANG Jia-li, SHENG Qing-hai*

2025,33(2):34-42, DOI:

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Abstract

With the improvement in living standards, coarse grains have become increasingly popular due to their rich nutritional content and bioactive ingredients, which contribute to the prevention of various cancers, tumors, and chronic diseases. However, issues such as the the poor processing characteristics of coarse grains have constrained their development of related products. As one of the rapidly developing high-tech techniques, superfine grinding can effectively reduce the particle size of coarse grain powder, enhance processing adaptability, and improve the texture of processed products. This paper provides an overview of superfine grinding, focusing on the effects on superfine grinding on the starch, protein, and dietary fiber of coarse grains; it also reveals the regulation mechanism of superfine grinding on the physical and chemical properties of coarse grains, such as crystallization, hydration, gelatinization, and fluidity. Finally, this paper reviews the impact of superfine ground coarse grains in food and its applications, with the aim of providing valuable insights for relevant researchers and the grain processing industry.

Screening of Germinated Rice Variety with High γ-aminobutyric Acid Content

WU Qi-fei, ZHANG Zi-yang, MI Xing-qiong, LIU Shu-yi, XU Bin*

2025,33(2):43-52, DOI:

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Abstract

To scientifically and systematically screen rice varieties with high γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) content, 16 rice varieties from various regions of China were subjected to heating and humidifying treatment to enhance γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) content. By determining parameters including glutamic acid (Glu) content , glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) activity, germination rate and water absorption rate, rice varieties suitable for GABA enrichment were screened. The results showed that significant regional and varietal differences in GABA enrichment efficiency using the heating and humidification method on rice grains. And the GABA content of japonica rice was higher than that of indica rice both before and after enrichment with Jiangsu japonica rice exhibiting the highest GABA increment. The GABA content and increment of Nanjing 3908 and Nanjing 46 after enrichment were both at relatively high levels.The GAD activity after enrichment can be used as an indicator for screening rice varieties with high GABA. Germination rate and water absorption rate (<8 h) can be used as auxiliary predictors of GABA enrichment in rice grains. In conclusion, using GAD activity as a reference index, combined with parameters such as germination rate and water absorption rate of rice grains，allows for the effective screening of rice varieties suitable for GABA enrichment.

Effect of Bran Powder on the Quality and Microstructure of Whole Grain Breads

WEI Yi-min

2025,33(2):53-58, DOI:

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Abstract

Wheat bran is an important source of dietary fiber for humans. Compared to regular bread, whole grain bread differs in shape, texture, and taste，which affects consumer experience. Improving the taste and texture of whole wheat bread is the main challenge in increasing the consumption of whole wheat products. In this study, bread flour produced from strong gluten wheat varieties in domestic was used as raw material. By adding different types and quantities of bran powder and utilizing a C-Cell image analyzer, the research analyzed the impact of bran fiber on the microstructure of bread. It examined the changes in the bread's microstructure, including its shape and internal structure. The results showed that bran fiber primarily reduced bread volume by decreasing the thickness of bread cell walls, the diameter of air pockets, the number or area of air pockets, and the brightness of the bread. It also affected the sensory characteristics of the bread. Improving the structure and mouthfeel of whole wheat bread is an effective way to increase consumer satisfaction with whole wheat bread products.

Preparation and Property Study of Enzymatically Modified Octenyl Succinate Starch

HU Zhong-shan, ZHOU Jin-jie, CHEN Lei, HUANG Wei, FENG Tao*

2025,33(2):59-66, DOI:

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Abstract

Octenylsuccinic anhydride starch (OSAS) has high viscosity and low solubility in water, which often leads to low efficiency in the esterification reaction between starch and octenylsuccinic anhydride under alkaline conditions, and uneven distribution of octenylsuccinic anhydride (OSA) groups. Enzymatic hydrolysis of OSAS can solve this problem. Using waxy corn starch to prepare OSAS, the molecular weight of enzyme-modified octenylsuccinic anhydride starch (E-OSAS) decreased with the addition of pullulanase. The degree of substitution of E-OSAS was greater than that of OSAS, and as the amount of pullulanase increased, the degree of substitution of E-OSAS showed an upward trend, while the apparent viscosity decreased significantly. The smaller particle size and polydispersity index (PDI), the larger the absolute value of the zeta potential. E40-OSAS, with the smallest particle size, the best homogeneity and stability, had the smallest weight average molecular weight (1.38×106 g/mol), the smallest number average molecular weight (1.37×105 g/mol), and the largest degree of substitution of 0.019. This study provides some basis for the research of new microcapsules.

Oil Processing

Research Progress on the Influencing Factors of Buffalo Milk Whipping Cream Quality

WANG Yan-hao, LI Chun-mei*, FU Hong-yan, CHEN Jie, LI Chun

2025,33(2):67-74, DOI:

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Abstract

Buffalo milk has a high fat content, a large proportion of butyric acid, strong emulsifying ability, and is suitable for cream separation and cream whipping. As an emerging dairy product in the modern food industry, whipped cream has broad development prospects. Enhancing the quality of whipped cream is a constantly pursued goal in the dairy industry. This paper provides a comprehensive review including the destabilizing effect of whipped cream lotion, whipping characteristics and factors affecting the quality of whipped cream of buffalo milk (main ingredients, other ingredients, process conditions), with a view to providing a theoretical reference for the development of domestic buffalo milk industry and the research and development of high-quality whipped cream products.

Characterization, Thermal Stability and Antibacterial Performance Evaluation of β-Cyclodextrin Inclusion Complexes with Lemon Essential Oil and Laurel Essential Oils

CAO Chuan, JIE Peng

2025,33(2):75-82, DOI:

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Abstract

This study successfully prepared inclusion complexes of lemon essential oil (LEEO) and Laurel essential oil (LAEO) with β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) using the co precipitation method, with the aim of enhancing the stability of plant essential oils and achieving their controlled release. The prepared inclusion complexes were comprehensively characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and thermogravimetric analysis- differential scanning calorimetry (TGA-DSC). SEM images reveal that essential oil molecules are effectively encapsulated within the inner cavities of β-CD molecules, which enables the essential oil molecules resist external environmental influences and enhance their stability. The results of FTIR and XRD further confirmed the formation of the inclusion complex, laying the foundation for studying their physicochemical and chemical properties. In addition, TGA-DSC analysis showed that the inclusion complex exhibited better thermal stability compared to unencapsulated essential oils, which holds great significance for applications that require heat treatment, such as food processing or pharmaceutical manufacturing. Antibacterial performance tests demonstrate that LEEO and LAEO exist significant antibacterial effects against both Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. The encapsulation effect of β-CD not only enhances the stability of essential oils, but also significantly extends their antibacterial activity. As an efficient wall material, β-CD can significantly enhance the stability and antibacterial performance of essential oils, and its microencapsulation technology has broad application prospects in the food packaging industry.

Food Processing

Research Progress on Modified Processing and Hot Application Areas of Plant Proteins

CHEN Jin-huan, AN Hong-zhou, SUN Jia-yu, ZHANG Hao-bing, HUANG Ze-hua*

2025,33(2):83-89, DOI:

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Abstract

Compared to animal proteins, plant proteins are characterized by low-carbon and environmentally friendly production, abundant resources and high nutritional value. However, their low solubility, emulsification and film-forming properties limit their application in food products. This paper briefly introduced the modification methods of plant proteins and reviewed research on the application of modifications to traditional proteins such as soy protein, wheat protein, and microalgae protein in the food field; the current development and application status of emerging plant proteins such as plant-based meat, plant-based milk, and plant-based eggs are discussed. Studies have shown that current research not only focused improving the functionality, nutritional value, and sensory qualities such as flavor of proteins but also emphasized enhancing bioavailability, sustainablity and developing new food products or food additives. These research advancements have provided a scientific basis for the further application of plant proteins in the food industry and open up new avenues to meet consumer demands for healthy, environmentally friendly, and diverse food products.

Research on Food Image Classification Algorithm based on Improved MobileNetV3-Large

HE Wei-chan, YANG Zhi-jing, QIN Jing-hui*

2025,33(2):90-96, DOI:

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Abstract

Food image recognition plays a crucial role in food safety monitoring, nutritional analysis, and dietary recommendation systems. However, the diversity, complexity, and external factors such as lighting conditions pose numerous difficulties and challenges to the recognition task. In order to address these issues, this paper proposed a food image classification algorithm based on improved MobileNetV3-Large. Firstly, building upon the pre-trained MobileNetV3-Large model, the PReLu activation function and NAM attention mechanism were introduced to enhance the model's focus on key features by capturing non-local dependencies in images. Subsequently, a multi-task loss function was incorporated to further improve the classification performance by simultaneously optimizing multiple related tasks. Finally, the TrivialAugment data augmentation technique was employed to enhance the model's generalization ability by expanding the scale and diversity of the training dataset. Experimental results demonstrated that through these improvements, the model's accuracy on the Food-101 dataset increased from 66.9% to 84.2%, demonstrating the effectiveness of the proposed approach.

Studies on Water Migration and Microstructure of Areca Brine Based on Low-Field Nuclear Magnetic Resonance and Scanning Electron Microscopy

LI Hao, YANG Xue-ying, HUANG Qun, WANG Xiao-yu, CAO Jian-hua, YUE Heng, YAO Ling-yun, FENG Tao*

2025,33(2):97-104, DOI:

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Abstract

In order to address rehalogenation and whitening in areca brine during shelf life（60 days）, the water distribution and migration of different areca brine was investigated using low-field nuclear magnetic resonance. Meanwhile, the microstructure of these brine were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy. The results showed that as the proportion of caramel increased in the original halogen, water gradually migrated towards more tightly bound states. Throughout various production stages, LS1 and LS2 areca brine exhibited the similar water migration rules where water existed in a weakly bound state in the original brine stage. In the finished brine stage, water mainly exists in the form of weakly bound water (LS1, 83.12%; LS2, 90.53%). The brine in the core of areca, LS1 mainly existed in the form of strongly bound water (50.88%) and non-mobile water (38.67%), while LS2 mainly existed in the form of strongly bound water (82.43%). The free water content of LS1 was about 3 times higher than that of LS2 during both the brine forming stage and the finished core brine stage. In addition, there was a significant correlation between the water state of brine and brine structure and a higher proportion of bound water corresponded to a more stable brine structure. Furthermore, during the transformation of LS1 areca brine from normal to rehalogen and subsequently to white, the water state mainly migrated from less mobile water to bound water, with a minor portion migrating towards free water. During the transformation of LS2 areca brine from normal to white, water mainly migrated from bound water to free water. This study revealed the water migration patterns in different areca brines and their relationship with brine structure providing important theoretical reference for improving areca brine production processes and product quality.

Quality & Nutrition

Comparative Analysis on Dhurrin Content of Main Sorghum Cultivars in China

WEI Ming, HE Hong-kui, LI Yue, LIU Zhuo, WANG Xiao-tian, CHANG Xiao-jiao, WANG Yao-peng*

2025,33(2):105-110, DOI:

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Abstract

The quality of brewing grain is an important guarantee for the flavor and quality safety of brewing liquor. In the process of fermentation, the cyanogen in sorghum grains was decomposed to produce cyanide, which further reacted to produce carcinogen ethyl urethane, which directly affected the safety of liquor brewing. In this study, 173 samples (involving 129 varieties) were collected from 9 major sorghum producing provinces, including Shanxi, Inner Mongolia, Liaoning, Jilin, Heilongjiang, Henan, Sichuan, Guizhou and Shaanxi. The difference of dhurrin content in different varieties of sorghum was analyzed and compared in this study. The results showed that dhurrin was widely present in sorghum, and its content varied greatly among different varieties. Aoza, Heza 158, and Jinza 5 had higher dhurrin content, with the content ranging from 30.26 to 136.7 mg/kg. Hongyingzi, Xiaobailiang, Jipin 12, Langnuohong 19 and Xincang 8 had lower dhurrin content, with all the content less than 1 mg/kg, which were more suitable as raw materials for brewing sorghum. The average content of dhurrin in non-glutinous sorghum was generally higher than that in glutinous sorghum, and the average content of dhurrin in northeast and centra was significantly higher than that in southwest. This study compared and analysed the content difference of dhurrin in different sorghum varieties, in order to provide reference for liquor production enterprises to explore quality raw material source and improve product quality and safety from the perspective of raw material control.

Study on Physicochemical Characteristics and Noodle Quality of 10 Wheat Varieties in Shijiazhuang Area

LV Rui, ZHANG Yi, ZHANG Xiao-di, LIU Jing-ke, SHENG Qing-hai*

2025,33(2):111-119, DOI:

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Abstract

The study investigated the physicochemical properties of wheat flour and noodle quality indices of 10 wheat varieties planted in Shijiazhuang area. Measurement of these indices were performed and the correlation analysis was carried out to explore their physicochemical qualities and their effects on noodle quality and correlation. The results showed that Jimai U80, Gaoyou 2018, Jimai 765 and Zhongmai 886 were of better quality, producing noodles with better texture and taste. Correlation analysis showed that protein content was positively correlated with wet gluten content (P<0.05), water retention and water absorption of wheat flour were positively correlated with water absorption of noodles (P<0.01), dough formation time and stability time were significantly or extremely significantly positively correlated with noodle texture indexes and sensory evaluation. The weakening degree was negatively correlated with noodle quality (P>0.05), and the sensory evaluation of noodles was significantly or extremely significantly positively correlated with peak viscosity, breakdown value, hardness, cohesiveness, chewability, L* value, a* value and whiteness. This study provides some theoretical reference for wheat flour processing in Shijiazhuang area.

Effect of Hot Blanching Treatment on the Quality and Storage Stability of Whole-wheat Fresh Noodles

WANG Jin-peng, LU Qi-shuai, LI Hong-yan, SUN Chun-rui, HOU Han-xue, LI Man, MA Meng*, SUN Qing-jie

2025,33(2):120-128, DOI:

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Abstract

In order to improve the quality and storage stability of whole-wheat products, the effects of instantaneous hot blanching treatment at different temperatures (60~90 ℃) on the macro quality, micro characteristics, and storage stability of whole-wheat fresh noodles were investigated. Compared with the control (25 ℃), the cooking loss and water absorption of whole- wheat fresh noodles after hot blanching treatment were significantly reduced, and the longitudinal tensile strength increased. Hardness and chewiness of cooked noodles increased for 90 ℃ treated group. The images of scanning electron microscopy showed that the surface of whole-wheat fresh noodles prepared by hot blanching treatment was denser. The gluten network agglomeration was more obvious and the combination with starch granules was much closer with increasing temperature. The starch granules were intact and did not swell significantly. Hot blanching treatment increased the degree of gluten protein polymerization in whole-wheat fresh noodles, and the yield of glutenin-gliadin aggregates significantly increased with the increase of temperature. The content of α-helix and random coil increased, and the content of β-angle decreased. In addition, the shelf life of whole wheat fresh noodles after hot blanching treatment above 80 ℃ was extended by more than 2 times, and the browning of fresh noodles can be suppressed to a certain extent.

Food Safety

The Effect of Freatments with UV-LED and High Voltage Pulse Cold Plasma on Infected Corn and Aspergillus flavus

LI Jin-dong, ZHANG Zhong-jie, HU Ke, ZHANG Gui-zhou, YIN Jun*

2025,33(2):129-137, DOI:

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Abstract

The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of 265 nm-LED and high-voltage pulsed cold plasma treatments on the quality of maize with a water content of 14%, as well as the inactivation mechanism of Aspergillus flavus spores. The experimental results indicate that both 265 nm-LED and high-voltage pulsed cold plasma effectively inactivate fungal infections on corn. Specifically, after 10 min of 265 nm-LED treatment, the inactivation fungal rate of infected corn reached 46%, while high-voltage pulsed cold plasma treatment only achieved an inactivation rate of less than 20%. Furthermore, no significant changes was observed on fatty acid values (P>0.05), but both treatments caused moderate damage to the surface of corn kernels and granules. Regarding Aspergillus flavus spores, both treatments disrupted the outer cell wall, leading to leakage of intercellular components and eventual spore inactivation.

Development of Online Quality Detection System for Liquor-making Raw Materials during Warehousing

PENG Hai-wen, WU Yong, CHEN Lun-wang, ZHAO Jin, ZHANG Wei, DING Yi-wen, CHEN Ding-kun*

2025,33(2):138-146, DOI:

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Abstract

To achieve automated detection of liquor-making raw materials during the storage process, enhancing the efficiency and objectivity of storage, an automated online inspection system was developed. The system primarily consists of modules such as automatic sampling devices, automatic feeding and distribution systems, machine vision detection, and near-infrared detection. It automates processes like sampling, detection, material return, and detection information transmission. This system enables the automated inspection of sorghum and wheat for unsound kernels, moisture, and starch indicators during the storage acceptance process. Validation results indicate that the system's average omission rates for sorghum and wheat unsound kernels are 0.34% and 0.12%, respectively, while the average false detection rates are 0.37% and 0.16%. The maximum SEP for moisture and starch indicators in sorghum and wheat is 0.96%, with a maximum Sr of 1.73%, demonstrating that the accuracy and stability of the system's detection indicators meet practical application requirements.

Research and Design of Standard System for Electric Drying

LU Hao-peng, CHENG Ling*, BU Fan-peng

2025,33(2):147-154, DOI:

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Abstract

Facing the new goals of “carbon peaking” and “carbon neutrality”, increasing the electrification level of energy consumption is of great significance for ensuring food security, promoting green transformation in agriculture, and achieving energy conservation and emission reduction. Drying is a crucial link in safeguarding food security, and electric drying can better improve industrial energy efficiency and safeguard food security. Therefore, to standardize the work of electric drying technology, it is necessary to conduct research on its standard system. Based on extensive collection and in-depth analysis of relevant domestic and international standards, a comprehensive and in-depth induction and research on the standard system of electric drying technology has been carried out from the two sub-domains of basic standards and specialized standards. Combining the principles of standard construction for power substitution technologies, the standard requirements of electric drying technology in different application scenarios have been deeply analyzed, and a conceptual model of the electric drying standard system with clear logic and rigorous structure has been constructed. Based on the conceptual model, the overall framework of the electric drying standard system has been extracted, laying a solid foundation for the standardized development of electric drying technology. Moreover, from a forward-looking perspective, planning suggestions for the future development of the electric drying standard system have been put forward.

Research on Risk Assessment and Preventive Measures for Soybean Supply Security in China

FAN Qi, YU Shui*

2025,33(2):155-162, DOI:

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Abstract

In recent years, due to the fact that China’s soybean production is difficult to meet the rapid growth of domestic demand, soybean imports have continued to increase rapidly. Domestic soybean supply is highly dependent on imports from foreign markets, and it faces multiple risks such as large import price fluctuations, high concentration of import sources and rising geopolitical risks. This study mainly from the domestic supply and demand, market price, international trade, geopolitical risk and other dimensions by exploring the construction of domestic soybean supply security risk evaluation index system, research and evaluation of China’s soybean supply security risk and change trend characteristics. The study found that China’s soybean supply security risk index reached the highest value in 2007 from 2005 to 2023, and the index rose first and then fell, and the overall trend tended to improve. However, the risk index showed a ‘W’- type two-way rebound fluctuation characteristics. The study also found that market prices, geopolitical risks, and import source concentration indicators have a greater impact on China’s supply security risks and need to be highly valued. On the basis of this research conclusion, the research proposes to speed up the development of domestic agricultural product futures and financial derivatives market, and strive for soybean pricing power; strengthen the international production layout and expand the channels of import sources; actively implement risk prevention measures such as soybean reduction and substitution, and reduce the pressure of domestic market demand.

Bio Engineering

A Preliminary Study on the Regulatory Mechanism of Synthetic Charged Short Peptides T1+ and T2– to α-amylase

YANG Qi, JI Jia-yi, JIANG Xin-yue, CHEN Shu-shu, YANG Xiao-yu, LIU Chun-ying, DOU Shao-hua*

2025,33(2):163-170, DOI:

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Abstract

This study aimed to investigate whether charged short peptides influence enzyme activity and structure in the interaction system between enzymes and substrates, and to explore the regulatory mechanism of synthetic charged short peptides on α-amylase. In this study, the synthetic charged short peptides T1+ and T2– were introduced into the α-amylase catalytic system, and key indicators such as activity of α-amylase and zeta potential were measured. The results showed that the addition of short peptide T1+ reduced the activity of α-amylase by 1.29%, and the addition of short peptide T2– increased it by 0.4%. Both peptides induced structural changes in the enzyme. The results of molecular docking showed that the conformational interaction between α-amylase and substrate was changed by the charged short peptide. Based on these findings, it is hypothesized that the regulatory mechanism of synthetic charged short peptides involves modifying the enzyme's surface structure and active site, thereby influencing its catalytic activity.

Storage logistics

Dynamic Pressure Analysis of Eccentric Discharge of the Double-storey Squat Silo

JIN Li-bing, WANG Xu, ZHU Dou-dou, ZHANG Jing-jin, WU Qiang, WANG Zhen-qing

2025,33(2):171-181, DOI:

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Abstract

A numerical analysis model for dynamic pressure during eccentric discharge in double-story squat silos was established using the Discrete Element Method (DEM). This paper investigated the dynamic interactions between the silo structure and grain particles during eccentric discharge, systematically analyzing dynamic lateral pressure, wall stress, structural displacement, particle contact stress, and velocity distribution across different orientations. The results demonstrate that：(1) The lateral pressure diminishes significantly on walls farther from the discharge opening during eccentric discharge. (2) The maximum wall stress in the upper layer occurs at 0.35 m elevation, with both peak stress and displacement decreasing progressively during discharge. (3) As the number of discharging holes increases, the contact stress of the particles decreases gradually. Particle velocity exhibits temporal escalation, particularly pronounced near the discharge orifice where velocity gradients intensify markedly. These findings provide theoretical insights and technical references for optimizing structural design and performance evaluation of double-story squat silos.

Research on ConvNeXt-L-CA Method for Image Classification Detection in Grain Silos

CHEN Rong-zhe, XU De-gang, ZHANG Hui, REN Fei-yan, LI Zhi

2025,33(2):182-189, DOI:

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Abstract

In recent years, in response to the country's requirements for innovating grain supervision methods and realizing "penetrating" supervision, the dynamic monitoring technology for grain storage quantities based on the video monitoring systems in the grain silos and computer vision has gradually been applied in the grain industry. In the practical application, it is found that there are many abnormalities in the warehouse images collected by the video surveillance system, and it is urgent to intelligently classify these warehouse images and maintain the video surveillance system to improve the accuracy of grain quantity monitoring in the warehouse. This paper used the ConvNeXt model as the backbone network, introduced the CA attention mechanism and Lion optimizer and proposes an improved image classification method for grain silos based on ConvNeXt. Experimental results show that the accuracy, precision, recall and F1 index of the improved ConvNeXt model reach 98.24%, 98.00%, 98.04% and 98.00%, respectively, which is 0.53% higher than that of the original ConvNeXt model, which verifies the effectiveness of the method and provides technical support for further enhancing the reliability and accuracy of grain information supervision.

Industrial Economy

The Internal Logic and Advancing Path of New Quality Productive Forces to Ensure National Food Security

WANG Yao-dong, XU Su-bo*, SUN Wei-yi

2025,33(2):190-197, DOI:

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Abstract

Accelerating the development of new quality agricultural productivity with scientific and technological innovation as the core has become an important way to ensure national food security, and new quality agricultural productive forces to ensuring national food security is also an important embodiment of the positive interaction between high-level security and high-quality development. However, in the process of ensuring national food security, China is still faces many practical constraints, such as deepening globalization, frequent extreme weather events, serve reduction of cultivated land area, the control of core technologies in the agricultural field, low comparative efficiency of grain production, and insufficient supply of agricultural technical personnel. Therefore, it is urgent to explore new quality productivity to ensure national food security from the dimensions of "external breakthrough" and "internal power," in order to help the country transition in the agricultural field from "a large country with a large population of smallholders" to "a large country with strong agriculture"—simultaneously fostering agricultural strength to ensure national food security.

Research on the Vulnerability of World Food Trade Network from the Perspective of Complex Network

HAN Jian-jun, CUI Xin-miao, HOU Jing-yi, CHENG Yu, ZHANG Jia-hao

2025,33(2):198-205, DOI:

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Abstract

In order to explore the vulnerability of the world food trade network, based on the world food trade data from 1990 to 2020, combined with complex network theory and vulnerability theory, this paper explores the change of local structural vulnerability of the world food trade network from the perspective of motif, simulates the failure process of the world food trade network under random attack and deliberate attack mode, and classifies the nodes in the network. The results show that: In the local structure of the world food trade network, the V-shaped structure accounts for a relatively high proportion, and the stability of the network is weak, but this phenomenon has a slowing trend; Compared with the real network and the random network, the structure of the real network is more stable and the trade relationship is more complex; The world food trade network has good robustness in the face of random attacks, and shows strong vulnerability in the face of deliberate attacks. The destructive power of deliberate attacks on the network is much greater than that of random attacks; In the deliberate attack mode, the nodes of the world food trade network can be divided into three levels according to the failure process, and the first level of nodes has the greatest impact on the stability of the network.

Wheat Production and International Trade in Kazakhstan

WEI Yan-chao, WANG Xu-lin, WU Gui-ling, LIU Rui*

2025,33(2):206-213, DOI:

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Abstract

Kazakhstan, one of the world’s major wheat producers and exporters, is the first stop of China’s westward construction of the “Silk Road Economic Belt”. Developing grain trade and international agricultural cooperation with Kazakhstan will help China diversify its wheat import sources. This paper briefly summarized the Kazakhstan's wheat production layout, wheat grades and quality, factors limiting China-Kazakhstan wheat trade, and countermeasures. Wheat production in Kazakhstan was primarily spring wheat, mainly cultivated in three states: Kostanay, Akmola, and North Kazakhstan. The production had long been characterized by extensive cultivation, low-intensity management, and high dependence on weather conditions. While the sowing area was large, the yield per unit area was relatively low.. Kazakhstan wheat had higher gluten index and larger maximum resistance, and moderate import can improve the shortage of high-gluten wheat supply in China. According to the study, imperfect grain grade quality standards, backward storage and transportation conditions and high trade costs were the main factors restricting wheat trade between the two countries. In response, quality and applicability evaluations of Kazakh wheat varieties can be conducted, and mutual recognition of standards between the two countries can be promoted. The development of China-Kazakhstan cooperative logistics chains can be strengthened, and grain processing industries in port free trade zones can be vigorously developed.

The Spatio-temporal Evolution Analysis of Coupling Coordination between Supply and Demand in Application of Green Grain Storage Technologies

WANG Xiao-cong, LIU Cheng-long, ZHANG Jian-xun

2025,33(2):214-219, DOI:

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Abstract

As an important technical approach to ensuring food quality and safety, China is actively promoting the adoption of green grain storage technology. It is of great practical significance to evaluate whether the supply and demand of green grain storage technology are coordinated. Using the coupling coordination model, barycentric coordinate method and grey relational degree model, this paper reveals the spatio-temporal characteristics and evolutionary patterns of coupling coordination between supply and demand for green grain storage technology across 31 provinces in China. The research shows that the application level of green grain storage technology is increasing year by year. The main grain-producing areas exhibit the highest application levels, the main marketing areas demonstrate the fastest growth, and the application level in the production - marketing balance regions remains relatively weak. The northeastern and eastern regions outperform the central and western regions in terms of application levels. The change of the coupling coordination level between supply and demand in the application of green grain storage technology is trending toward optimization. No province has yet achieved a highly coupled stage, and nearly half of the provinces are in the running-in stage, leaving significant room for improvement. The center of gravity for the coupling coordination degree shifted towards east and south, driven primarily by factors such as infrastructure investment, scientific and technological support, and the average profit of grain enterprises.

Farmers’ Income-Increasing Effects of High-Standard Farmland Construction Policies

LIU Hui, YANG Ling*

2025,33(2):220-228, DOI:

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Abstract

High-standard farmland construction policy is an important initiative to enhance the comprehensive production capacity of agriculture and create conditions for increasing farmers’ income. This paper focused on the panel data of 31 provinces in China from 2005 to 2022, relying on the logical framework of quasi-natural experiment, and adopted continuous double-difference model and two-stage estimation method to deeply analyze the causal effect of high-standard farmland construction policy on farmers' income increase and its influence mechanism. The results showed that: (1) the high-standard farmland construction policy had a significant effect on farmers’ income increase, showing an increasing trend year by year; (2) the high-standard farmland construction policy positively promoted farmers’ income increase in the eastern, northeast, central and western regions and the arid, whereas those in the paddy fields and pastoral zones did not have the effect on farmers’ income increase; and (3) the high-standard farmland construction policy mainly boosted the farmers’ income by driving the increase in food production and the development of the agricultural production service industry. Accordingly, it is recommended to formulate regionally unbalanced policies, improve grain subsidy policy and focus on the development of agricultural productive services to fully realize its income-generating effect on farmers.

Research on the Impact of Modern Production Factors on Socialized Services of Agricultural Enterprises

LENG Zhi-jie, ZHANG Xin-yue

2025,33(2):229-236, DOI:

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Abstract

In response to the challenges in achieving socialized services for agricultural enterprises, this study utilizes questionnaire survey data collected from agricultural enterprises in the main grain-producing areas of the three northeastern provinces. An ordered logit model was used to obtain the impact of the utilization levels of modern production factors on the difficulty of achieving agricultural socialized services., mainly including: for every unit increase in the utilization level of modern production factors, the relative probability of an increase by one level in the difficulty of achieving agricultural socialization services rises by at least 140%. Among them, the utilization level of advanced facilities and equipment has the most significant positive impact, whereas the level of financial capital utilization exhibits a negative effect. Operator age, village cadre experience and farmland damage negatively influence the achievement of socialized services, while higher of education levels have a positive effect. Further analysis reveals inter-provincial heterogeneity in the impact of modern production factor utilization levels on the difficulty of achieving agricultural socialized services. To conclude, first, main sales areas should develop to formulate support and subsidy policies for modern production factors tailored to main production areas; second, agricultural financing and credit policies should be optimized to alleviate enterprises’ s repayment pressure; third, precise provincial-level policies should be formulated.

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