The Oils and Fats Museum is the only large-scale professional science education venue in the field of oils and fats in China, which not only displays China's long history and culture of oils and fats to the public, but also fully demonstrates the modern brilliant scientific and technological achievements of oils and fats. Its exhibition design is unique and ingenious. Based on the theory of spatial narrative, this study focused on the Oils and Fats Museum as the research object. By employing research methods such as literature review, participant observation, and interviews, the study analyzed the exhibition design principles of the Oils and Fats Museum of China from two dimensions: the construction of spatial narrative structure and the creation of atmosphere. It explored the touching stories behind the construction of the oil museum and provided an in-depth understanding of modern oil technology, which could ultimately summarize and refine the spatial design model and practical implications of science education venues in the oil sector.