Based on the literature in recent years, the application and development of machine vision in the detection of food bottle and can packaging defects were introduced, and the hardware structure and detection process of the detection system were explained. The research results based on image processing technology and deep learning method in the field of packaging defect detection of food bottles and cans were reviewed and analyzed. The research also summarized the advantages and disadvantages of classification network model and target detection network model both technologies and prospected their future development, and provide a reference for the innovative development of intelligent packaging inspection.