Four varieties in Northeast China rice were used as research materials, and starch bound lipids and free lipids in the rice were detected based on high-resolution mass spectrometry. A total of 371 types of free lipids (including glycerol phospholipids, glycerol esters, ceramides, and fatty acids) and 14 types of starch bound lipids (phospholipids) were detected from the four varieties of rice. The partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) results showed that the four different varieties of rice grains can be distinguished by starch bound lipids and free lipids. The results of this study provide technical support for revealing the lipid composition and lipid analysis of rice.