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我国粮食初加工机械化水平监测调查研究(网络首发、推荐阅读)
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Research on Monitoring and Investigation of Grain Primary Processing Mechanization Level in China(Online First, Recommended Article)
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    摘要:

    基于6省120个农业经营主体的监测调查数据实证分析2020年我国粮食初加工机械化水平情况。研究结果表明:调查省份的粮食初加工机械化水平为56.95%,高于我国农产品的总体初加工机械化水平(2019年为37.58%);在三大主要粮食作物之中,水稻初加工机械化水平最高约为68.55%,小麦初加工机械化水平次之约为57.40%、玉米初加工机械化水平最低约为49.35%;在初加工的三大作业环节之中,粮食脱出处理环节机械化水平最高已达96.61%,脱出环节已基本实现机械化,粮食清选处理机械化水平略低为36.06%、粮食保质处理机械化水平最低为35.06%;各品种和各环节发展不平衡的问题还比较突出,从品种角度来看短板在玉米,从环节角度来看短板在机械保质处理。研究为分析和判断我国粮食初加工机械化水平和趋势提供了依据。

    Abstract:

    Based on the monitoring survey data of 120 agricultural operators in six provinces, this paper empirically analyzed the mechanization level of grain primary processing in China in 2020. The results showed that: the mechanization level of grain primary processing is 56.95%, which is higher than the overall mechanization level of primary processing of agricultural products (37.58% in 2019); among the three major grain crops, the mechanization level of rice primary processing is the highest which is about 68.55%, followed by wheat primary processing with about 57.40%, and corn primary processing with about 49.35%; among the three major operation links, the highest mechanization level of grain threshing treatment has reached to 96.61%, the threshing process has basically realized mechanization, the mechanization level of grain cleaning treatment is 36.06% which is slightly lower, and the lowest mechanization level of grain quality guaranteeing treatment is 35.06%. The unbalanced development of various varieties and links is still prominent. From the perspective of varieties, the short board is in corn, and from the perspective of links, the short board is in quality guaranteeing treatment. This study provides a basis for analyzing and judging the level and trend of grain primary processing mechanization in China.

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娄 正,朱广飞,谢奇珍,王小萌,邵 广,赵玉强,师建芳,赵慧凝.我国粮食初加工机械化水平监测调查研究(网络首发、推荐阅读)[J].粮油食品科技,2021,29(3):91-97.

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  • 在线发布日期: 2021-05-31
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