In this study, grain quality of thirty-six red-grained rice landraces from Hani’s terraced fields in Yunnan province were studied. The results showed that the quality traits were significantly different among different red-grained rice landraces, the coefficient of variation of 9 quality traits was above 10%. The largest coefficient of variation was chalkiness degree (90.47%), while grain length was smallest (5.08%). The most landraces in Hani terrace had better milling quality, while the number of Indica Rice Varieties with high chalkiness and amylose content was less when compared with the Agricultural industry standard - Cooking rice variety quality (NY/T593—2013). Four principal components were extracted by principal component analysis (PCA), the accumulative contribution ration amounted to 77.004%. The first principal component (PC1) explained 24.384% of the total variance, which was contributed by chalkiness degree, chalky area and amylose content. Cluster analysis showed 36 red-grain rice landraces grouped into three clusters, the first cluster included 3 landraces with poor milling quality, the main cluster II involved 31 landraces, and the cluster Ⅲ included 2 waxy rice landraces. The results could provide scientific reference for protection and application of red-grained rice resources from Hani’s terraced fields.