The rice stored in Changsha (in Hunan province) and Xiangyang (in Hubei Province) was chosen as the object to separate the dominant mold from the stored rice and purify them, and record the colony morphology in Salt Czapek Dox Agar. The microstructure characteristics of the main dominant mold were photographed by Zeiss microscope respectively. The main dominant mold were identified at the genetic level by extracting and sequencing the DNA, which were aspergillus flavus, aspergillus niger, aspergillus albicans, aspergillus glaucus and penicillium chrysogenum.