Indica paddy harvested in summer was stored in a high & large warehouse. The change rules of fungi content and volatile component of stored paddy during early period of storage were investigated by plate count method and headspace solid phase micro-extraction - gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (HS-SPME-GC-MS), respectively. The results showed that from August 2017 to February 2018, the grain temperature trended downward along with the air temperature and the temperature in the warehouse. During storage, moisture in the paddy rice fluctuated, which were all below the limit moisture (13.5%) for safe storage of indica rice. The initial carrying fungi content of rice was 4.67 1g cfu/g, which decreased to 3.00 l g cfu/g in November 2017, but changed a little as storage prolonged. For volatile component in paddy rice, variety and contents of esters dramatically increased in November 2017, but greatly decreased in February 2018. The content of nonanal increased obviously in February 2018.