The contrastive research about the ventilation to improve processing quality in two grain warehouses with different ventilation system, which are the transverse ventilation system and vertical ventilation system is operated to analyze the difference of the ventilation rate, moisture uniformity and energy consumption between the two ventilation systems. The results indicated that the grain moisture increased 1.26% , the moisture uniformity of the grain bulk increased 2.28% and the unit energy consumption of ventilation was 0.511 kW·h /(%·t）as ventilation with transverse systems. Therefore, ventilation by transverse system can meet the demand of grain storage enterprises. Both transverse ventilation system and vertical ventilation system have tempering ventilation effect. The test provides technical support for comprehensive application of transverse ventilation system in rice warehouse.