Near infrared spectroscopy is a nondestructive， rapid and efficient detection technology. The application of near infrared spectroscopy in food industry in recent years was introduced. In the aspects ofgrain picking， the quality and safety control during storage and process， food nutrients and detection models of storage indexes and health security， the near infrared spectroscopy in food safety online detection have the feasibility， which can provide support for real-time online detection of the “food security” project in our country.