The microwave extraction of anthocyanins from roselle was optimized. Based on single factor tests, taking microwave power, ratio of material to liquid and extraction time as independent variable, the response surface experiment, which includes 3 factors and 3 levels, was designed with the content of anthocyanins as response value. The result showed that the effects of three factors on extraction of anthocyanins were ratio of material to liquid >microwave power>extraction time. The optimum processing conditions were microwave power 164 W, ratio of material to liquid 1∶25, and extraction time 12 min. The anthocyanins content could reach 537.873 mg/100 g material.