Noble metal nanozymes possess both the unique physicochemical properties of nanomaterials and enzyme-like catalytic activities. They offer advantages such as relatively controllable cost, high stability, easy operationand facile construction of multimode sensing platforms, demonstrating great application potential in the field of food safety analysis. Common food contaminants mainly include mycotoxins, heavy metal ions, as well as pesticide and veterinary drug residues, which pose serious threats to food safety. Therefore, developing novel detection methods with high sensitivity, rapid response, and portability is critically importance. This article reviews the classification system of noble metal nanozymes and delves into the regulatory mechanisms of their enzyme-like activities. It focuses on the latest application progress of multimode sensing platforms constructed based on these regulatory mechanisms in food safety detection, demonstrating the unique advantages of multi-signal output in anti-interference capability and self-validation of detection results, which significantly improves the accuracy and reliability of trace contaminant detection in complex food matrices. Although this technology holds great promise, it still faces several challenges, such as the high cost of noble metal raw materials, unclear catalytic mechanisms, and insufficient long-term biosafety assessments. Future research should focus on developing composite nanomaterials with low noble metal content, deepening mechanistic studies through in situ characterization and theoretical calculations, and systematically conducting safety evaluations to promote its industrial application and provide technical support for ensuring food safety.