Grain sampling and inspection is the key process for food safety and the important technical support for the grain quality supervision. There are still many gaps between the current grain sample inspection quality and enterprise expectations. Based on the field survey of the grain reserve enterprises to Beijing, Hebei, InnerMongolia, Shanghai, Jiangsu, Ningxia, the realistic dilemma for the basic attitude analysis was found, and the results showed that the difficulties concerning in legislation, standard, monitoring, technology and industry. Strategy choice of improving the quality for grain sampling inspection required strengthening legislation, standardization system, administrative supervision, technology providing and industry development, to ensure the stability and quality safety of the national grain supply.