Due to its functional、nutritional and ornamental characteristics, the special colored grains are increasingly favored and become an important direction of high-end crop industry. These natural pigments can not only increase the color of food, but also have special functions such as antioxidant, anti-cancer, and improving vision etc. This paper focuses on the biosynthesis, main functions and related products of anthocyanins, tricin and carotenoids in special color crops, and then focuses on wheat, an important food crop, and introduced two newly cultivated pigments functional wheat including “Shannong lanmai 1” and “Shannong 101”. This paper provides a reference for the research and variety creation of special color crops.