The difference of grain resources between Yunnan province and the "Belt and Road" countries is large with strong industrial complementarity and broad prospects for technological exchanges and investment, and huge space for industrial cooperation. However, the foreign cooperation of grain industry is faced with many risks, such as national policy, political risk, cultural difference and so on. To promote the cooperation of grain industry between China and the "Belt and Road" countries, we need to set up the overall view of "focusing on the global and harmonious development", uphold the concept of "long-term cooperation, mutual benefit and win-win", strengthen the overall layout, adhere to the development strategy of the relevant organizations to take the lead, science and technology, talent first, "internet" + escort, trade and investment follow up.