The Belt and Road Initiative provides a great opportunity for the transformation and upgrading of China’s agriculture and leading it to the global agricultural. To improve the grain logistics layout based on the B&R Initiative is highly important to make full use of the resources at home and abroad. It is also of great significance to promote cooperative development of China's agriculture and international. Based on the analysis of the present situation of China’s grain logistics development, grain import and export, the international major grain logistics channels, and combined with the 13th Five-Year plan for grain logistics and Belt and Road Initiative, the overall idea to construct the international grain logistics channel was put forward, including connection to the international railway channel, optimization of the routes and the port layout, construction and operation of the ocean import and export channel, improvement of the logistics efficiency of international channel node and strengthening the research on China's grain import network optimization. It provides a reference and valuable decision-making basis for the optimization of the domestic grain logistics layout and the construction of the international grain logistics channel along the Belt and Road.