In order to ensure the quality and safety of edible vegetable oil,a kind of new analytical method based on molecular biology theory is widely used in detection of transgenic composition and adulteration in edible vegetable oil,which was accurate,rapid,simple operation and high sensitivity.How to extract high quality DNA from edible vegetable oil with a little DNA content and low integrity is a key factor affecting the success of gene detection.Different extraction methods and gene detection methods of DNA in edible vegetable oil were summarized,the advantages and disadvantages of each method were compared.Finally,the development trend of this field was prospected.