The effect of the processing time, power, and moisture content, particle size, variety of peanut on the degradation of aflatoxin B1（AFB1）was explored by treating AFB1 with low temperature radio frequency plasma and analyzing the degradation rate by HPLC. The results showed that within the same processing time the higher the plasma processing power, the higher the degradation rate of AFB1, which could reach up to 73.45% when the power was 400W; within the same processing power, the longer the processing time, the higher the degradation rate of AFB1, which could reach up to 79.26% in 8min; under the same conditions, the higher the moisture content in the peanut, the higher the degradation rate of AFB1, which could reach up to 50% when the moisture content was 40%; the smaller the peanut particle, the higher the degradation rate of AFB1, which could reach up to about 60% in peanut powder; the higher the oil content in peanut, the lower the degradation rate of AFB1 , which was only 45% when peanut oil content was 45%. The results show that the external condition has noticeable influence on the degradation of AFB1 by plasma technic, which has a guiding role for practical application.