With Xinjiang melon seed as the raw material,the extraction process of Xinjiang melon seed oil by supercritical CO2 extraction(SFE-CO2)was studied,and its fatty acid components were analyzed by gas chromatography（GC）.The results showed that the optimal process conditions were as follows:extraction pressure 25 MPa,extraction temperature 45 ℃,separation temperature 40 ℃ and time 70 min.The oil yield was 47.46% under the above conditions.According to the GC analysis results,the main components in Xinjiang melon seed oil was the unsaturated fatty acid with the content of 88.92%.The fatty acid contained linoleic acid 72.35%,oleic acid 16.29%,palmitic acid 7.89% and stearic acid 4.33%.Xinjiang melon seed oil as a new vegetable oil sources has high development and utilization value.