Type 2 diabetes mellitus has become one of the serious public health problems in the world. In recent years, whole grain foods and ketogenic foods, as representative foods, have been reported to have the effects of controlling blood glucose and blood lipids, losing body weight, and reducing the use of drugs for type 2 diabetes patients by improving the nutritional structure of fat, carbohydrates and protein. In this study, we summarize the origin of research among whole grain foods, ketogenic foods and T2DM and the role and mechanism of whole grain and ketogenic foods in controlling the development of T2DM; comb the development, utilization, existing problems and development trends of whole grains and ketogenic foods. There are different problems in the development of these two categories of foods. With the continuous development of involving these two foods in the treatment of T2DM, it is very necessary to develop a series of whole grain foods and ketogenic foods with balanced nutrition and delicious flavors.